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1.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(11): 847-852, Nov. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357076

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To compare the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) before and during the COVID-19 quarantine in CrossFit women and their relationship with training level. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among 197 women practicing CrossFit. The inclusion criteria were nulliparous women, between 18 and 45 years old, who had trained, before quarantine, in accredited gyms. The exclusion criteria were not following the COVID-19 prevention protocols and having UI on other occasions than just sport. An online questionnaire was emailed containing questions about frequency, duration, and intensity of training and data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were invited to answer whether they were infected with COVID-19 and what treatment/recommendation they have followed. Whether UI stopped among participants, they were asked about the possible reasons why this happened. The training intensity was categorized as "the same," "decreased" or "increased." Results The mean age of the participants was 32 years old and most (98.5%) could practice CrossFit during the pandemic. There was a decrease in training intensity in 64% of the respondents. Exercises with their own body weight, such as air squat (98.2%), were the most performed. Urinary incontinence was reported by 32% of the participants before the COVID-19 pandemic, and by only 14% of them during the pandemic (odds ratio [OR]=0.32 [0.19-0.53]; p<0.01; univariate analysis). Practitioners reported that the reason possibly related to UI improvement was the reduction of training intensity and not performing doubleunder exercise. Conclusion The reduction in the intensity of CrossFit training during the COVID-19 quarantine decreased the prevalence of UI among female athletes.


Resumo Objetivo Comparar a prevalência de incontinência urinária (IU) no CrossFit, antes e durante a quarentena por COVID-19, e sua relação com a intensidade do treinamento. Métodos Estudo observacional com 197 atletas de CrossFit. Os critérios de inclusão foram: nulíparas, 18 a 45 anos, treinando antes da quarentena em academias credenciadas. Os critérios de exclusão foram: não seguir os protocolos de prevenção da COVID-19 e ter IU em outras ocasiões que não apenas no esporte. Utilizou-se um questionário online com perguntas sobre frequência, duração e intensidade do treinamento e dados relacionados à pandemia, além de caso tivessem tido infecção pelo SARS-COV2, qual tratamento/recomendação seguiram. Caso a IU tenha parado entre as participantes, elas foram perguntadas quanto quais as possíveis razões pelas quais isso aconteceu. A intensidade do treinamento foi categorizada como "igual," "diminuída" ou "aumentada ". Resultados A média de idade foi de 32 anos e a maioria (98,5%) conseguiu praticar CrossFit durante a pandemia. Houve uma diminuição na intensidade do treinamento em 64% das entrevistadas. Exercícios com o próprio peso corporal, como agachamento no ar (98,2%), foram os mais realizados. Incontinência urinária foi relatada por 32% das participantes antes da pandemia e por apenas 14% durante a pandemia (odds ratio [OR]=0,32 [0,19-0,53]; p<0,01). As atletas relataram que o motivo possivelmente relacionado à melhora da IU foi a redução da intensidade do treinamento e não realizar o exercício doubleunder. Conclusão A redução da intensidade do treinamento de CrossFit durante a quarentena por COVID-19 diminuiu a prevalência de IU entre as atletas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology , COVID-19 , Quarantine , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Middle Aged
2.
Rev. pesqui. cuid. fundam. (Online) ; 11(3): 567-575, abr.-maio 2019.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-987511

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar as repercussões causadas pela incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, composta por 12 idosos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas, em um ambulatório de urologia e ginecologia de um hospital público/escola de referência em Teresina. Os dados foram interpretados pela análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: Os depoimentos originaram duas categorias: sentimentos negativos dos idosos com incontinência urinária e aspectos sociais que interferem na qualidade de vida dos idosos com incontinência urinária. Conclusão: A incontinência urinária nos idosos é uma patologia pouco discutida nas consultas, a baixa escolaridade dos idosos influencia na demora em procurar o tratamento para a doença e esclarecimento da mesma. Há a necessidade de um olhar diferenciado por parte dos profissionais de saúde para os idosos acometidos com esta patologia


Objective: The study's aim has been to analyze the urinary incontinence repercussions towards the elderly's life quality. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, which was comprised by 12 participants from both genders. The research scenario was a urology and gynecology ambulatory from a large public hospital/school that performs procedures of high complexity and etiology in Teresina city, Piauí State. Data analysis occurred through the thematic content analysis. Results: The statements gave rise to two categories, as follows: the elderly's negative feelings related to urinary incontinence; and, the social aspects that impact in the quality of life of elderly people bearing urinary incontinence. Conclusion: The urinary incontinence in elderly people is a poorly discussed pathology during consultations. Furthermore, the elderly's low level of education ends up influencing them in realizing the necessity of looking for understanding and treatment about the disease. Conclusively, health professionals must have a different perspective with regards to the elderly people bearing this pathology


Objetivo: Analizar las repercusiones causadas por la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida de los ancianos. Métodos: Investigación descriptiva y exploratoria, con abordaje cualitativo, compuesta por 12 ancianos. La recolección de datos fue realizada por medio de entrevistas, en un ambulatorio de urología y ginecología de un hospital público / escuela de referencia en Teresina. Los datos fueron interpretados por el análisis temático de contenido. Resultados: Los testimonios originaron dos categorías: sentimientos negativos de los ancianos con incontinencia urinaria y aspectos sociales que interfieren en la calidad de vida de los ancianos con incontinencia urinaria. Conclusión: La incontinencia urinaria en los ancianos es una patología poco discutida en las consultas, la baja escolaridad de los ancianos influye en la demora en buscar el tratamiento para la enfermedad y aclaración de la misma. Hay necesidad de una mirada diferenciada por parte de los profesionales de la salud para los ancianos afectados con esta patología


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Urinary Incontinence/complications , Urinary Incontinence/nursing , Urinary Incontinence/therapy , Quality of Life , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Sickness Impact Profile
3.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 71(supl.3): 1460-1468, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-958732

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the effectiveness of post-partum interventions to prevent urinary incontinence: a systematic review. Method: systematic review of randomized controlled studies conducted in the MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus and the Virtual Library on Health (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, BVS) databases. Results: six articles were included in this review. All studies used the Pelvic Floor Muscle Training as the main procedure to prevent urinary incontinence. The results pointed to a positive and effective intervention in the post-partum period. Conclusion: there is evidence that programs of exercise of the pelvic floor musculature performed both in the immediate and late post-partum result in a significant increase in muscle strength and contribute to prevent urinary incontinence.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la eficacia de las intervenciones realizadas en el posparto para prevenir la incontinencia urinaria. Método: revisión sistemática de estudios aleatorizados controlados, realizada en las bases de datos MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud - BVS. Resultados: seis artículos fueron incluidos en la revisión. Todos los estudios utilizaron el Entrenamiento de la Musculatura del Piso Pélvico como intervención principal para prevenir la incontinencia urinaria y los resultados de las intervenciones apunta a un efecto positivo y eficaz del mismo en el posparto. Conclusión: hay evidencias de que programas de ejercicios de la musculatura del piso pélvico realizados tanto en el posparto inmediato como en el tardío resultan en un aumento significativo de la fuerza muscular y contribuyen a la prevención de la incontinencia urinaria.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a eficácia das intervenções realizadas no pós-parto para prevenção da incontinência urinária. Método: revisão sistemática de estudos randomizados controlados realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS. Resultados: seis artigos foram inclusos na revisão. Todos os estudos utilizaram o Treinamento da Musculatura do Assoalho Pélvico como intervenção principal para prevenção da incontinência urinária e os resultados das intervenções apontaram para um efeito positivo e eficaz do mesmo no pós-parto. Conclusão: há evidências de que programas de exercícios da musculatura do assoalho pélvico realizados tanto no pós-parto imediato quanto no tardio resultam em aumento significativo da força muscular e contribuem para a prevenção da incontinência urinária.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Urinary Incontinence/rehabilitation , Postpartum Period , Exercise Therapy/standards , Exercise Therapy/methods
4.
Rev. baiana saúde pública ; 41(2): 308-323, abr. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-BA | ID: biblio-1123329

ABSTRACT

A Incontinência Urinária é um distúrbio frequente entre mulheres que causa incômodo e constrangimento. O desconhecimento sobre a patologia e seu tratamento (clínico ou cirúrgico) tem aparecido como um grave problema de saúde pública. Este estudo teve o objetivo de descrever o processo de concepção e desenvolvimento de um material educativo sob o formato de uma cartilha destinada à promoção da saúde da mulher acometida pela doença. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa-ação que se utilizou dos pressupostos freireanos de abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa na área do processo de ensino-aprendizagem que foi desenvolvida em quatro etapas (escolha do conteúdo, criação das ilustrações, preparação do layout e validação do material por peritos). Foi elaborada uma cartilha com dimensões de 20 x 14 centímetros de altura e largura, impressa em papel couchê e denominada com o título Incontinência Urinária não é normal em nenhuma fase da vida e tem tratamento. Concluiu-se que o desenvolvimento de material de informação, educação e comunicação firma-se como um ponto promissor do trabalho do fisioterapeuta no tocante às ações de promoção e prevenção na saúde da mulher na atenção básica


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Health Education , Women's Health , Resource Guide , Health Communication , Primary Health Care , Health Promotion
5.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 42(2): 215-222, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-782860

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To demonstrate the effect of total reconstruction technique on postoperative urinary continence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Material and Methods: LRP was performed using a standard urethrovesical anastomosis in 79 consecutive patients (Group-A) from June 2011 to October 2012, and a total reconstruction procedure in 82 consecutive patients (Group-B) from June 2012 to June 2013. The primary outcome measurement was urinary continence assessed at 1, 2, 4, 12, 24 and 52 weeks after catheter removal. Other data recorded were patient age, body mass index, International Prostate Symptoms Score, prostate volume, preoperative PSA, Gleason score, neurovascular bundle preservation, operation time, estimated blood loss, complications and pathology results. Results: In Group-A, the continence rates at 1, 2, 4, 12, 24 and 52 weeks were 7.59%, 20.25%, 37.97%, 58.22%, 81.01% and 89.87% respectively. In Group-B, the continence rates were 13.41%, 32.92%, 65.85%, 81.71%, 90.24% and 95.12% respectively. Group––B had significantly higher continence rates at 4 and 12 weeks after surgery (P<0.001 and P=0.001). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to patient's age, body mass index, prostate-specific antigen level, prostate volume, IPSS, estimated blood loss, number of nerve-sparing procedures and postoperative complications. Conclusions: Total reconstruction technique in the procedure of urethrovesical anastomosis during LRP improved early recovery of continence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Prostatectomy/methods , Urethra/surgery , Urinary Bladder/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Postoperative Complications , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Prostatectomy/rehabilitation , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Urinary Incontinence/etiology , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Anastomosis, Surgical , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Recovery of Function , Neoplasm Grading , Operative Time , Middle Aged
6.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 42(2): 223-233, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-782848

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background and objective: To prospectively compare the laparoscopic versus open approach to RP in cases with high prostate volume and to evaluate a possible different impact of prostate volume. Materials and Methods: From March 2007 to March 2013 a total of 120 cases with clinically localized prostate cancer (PC) and a prostate volume>70cc identified for radical prostatectomy (RP), were prospectively analyzed in our institute. Patients were offered as surgical technique either an open retropubic or an intraperitoneal laparoscopic (LP) approach. In our population, 54 cases were submitted to LP and 66 to open RP. We analyzed the association of the surgical technique with perioperative, oncological and postoperative functional parameters. Results: In those high prostate volume cases, the surgical technique (laparoscopic versus open) does not represent a significant independent factor able to influence positive surgical margins rates and characteristics (p=0.4974). No significant differences (p>0.05) in the overall rates of positive margins was found, and also no differences following stratification according to the pathological stage and nerve sparing (NS) procedure. The surgical technique was able to significantly and independently influence the hospital stay, time of operation and blood loss (p<0.001). On the contrary, in our population, the surgical technique was not a significant factor influencing all pathological and 1-year oncological or functional outcomes (p>0.05). Conclusions: In our prospective non randomized analysis on high prostate volumes, the laparoscopic approach to RP is able to guarantee the same oncological and functional results of an open approach, maintaining the advantages in terms of perioperative outcomes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Prostate/pathology , Prostatectomy/methods , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Laparoscopy/methods , Postoperative Complications , Prostate/surgery , Time Factors , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Urinary Incontinence/rehabilitation , Biopsy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Linear Models , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Risk Assessment , Neoplasm Grading , Operative Time , Intraoperative Complications , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging
7.
Online braz. j. nurs. (Online) ; 15(1): 73-82, mar. 2016. ilus
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1121688

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: avaliar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre intervenções para prevenir incontinência urinária em gestantes durante o acompanhamento pré-natal. MÉTODO: revisão integrativa da literatura (RI). A busca foi realizada em outubro de 2014 nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL e Cochrane. Onze artigos compuseram a amostra da RI. RESULTADOS: todos os artigos foram publicados no idioma inglês; sete deles identificados na base de dados PubMed, e quatro na Cochrane. A maior parte dos trabalhos avaliados utilizaram intervenções cognitivas e comportamentais, sendo o treino da musculatura do assoalho pélvico o principal tratamento para prevenir e tratar a incontinência urinária durante a gestação. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados obtidos podem cooperar para o aperfeiçoamento da assistência da mulher no ciclo gravídico-puerperal.


AIM: to evaluate the evidence available in literature on interventions to prevent urinary incontinence in pregnant women during prenatal care. METHOD: an integrative literature review (RI) conducted in October 2014 using the LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases. Eleven articles were included in the sample. RESULTS: All of the articles were published in English; seven of them were identified in the PubMed database, and four in Cochrane. Most of this work used cognitive and behavioral interventions, with the training of the musculature of the pelvic floor as a main treatment for preventing and treating urinary incontinence during pregnancy. CONCLUSION: the results can work jointly to improve the care of women during pregnancy and childbirth.


OBJETIVO: evaluar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre intervenciones para prevenir la incontinencia urinaria en mujeres embarazadas durante el seguimiento prenatal. MÉTODO: revisión integradora de la literatura (RI). En octubre de 2014 se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL y Cochrane. Once artículos componen la muestra de RI. RESULTADOS: todos los artículos fueron publicados en inglés; siete de ellos identificados en la base de datos PubMed y cuatro en Cochrane. La mayoría de los trabajos evaluados utilizaron intervenciones cognitivas y comportamentales, el entrenamiento de los músculos del piso pélvico es el principal tratamiento para la prevención y tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria durante el embarazo. CONCLUSIÓN: los resultados obtenidos pueden cooperar para mejorar la asistencia de la mujer en el ciclo puerperal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Pregnant Women , Health Education , Pelvic Floor , Obstetric Nursing
8.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 37(10): 460-466, out. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762028

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of an illustrated home exercise guide targeting the pelvic floor muscles in promoting urinary continence during pregnancy.METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was performed with 87 participants, evaluated six times during pregnancy and divided into three groups: Gsup, supervised; Gobs, not supervised, and Gref, women who did not perform the home exercises program. A miction diary and perineometry were used to evaluate urinary incontinence (primary outcome) and pelvic floor muscle strength (secondary outcome), respectively. The Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn's and chi-square and Z tests with Bonferroni correction were used for continuous variables and proportions, respectively, with the level of significance set at 5%.RESULTS: At the end of the study, 6.9% of pregnant women in the Gsup and Gobs had urinary incontinence, while 96.6% of Gref women were incontinent. Regarding pelvic floor muscle function, Gsup and Gobs had mean contractions of 10 and 8.9 cmH2O, respectively, while Gref had a value of 4.7 cmH2O. Both results were significant.CONCLUSION: An illustrated home exercise guide targeting the pelvic floor muscles is effective in promoting urinary continence during pregnancy, even without permanent supervision.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade de um manual de orientação de exercícios domiciliares (MOED) para o assoalho pélvico (AP) na promoção da continência urinária em gestantes primigestas.MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico com 87 participantes, avaliadas 6 vezes durante a gestação e divididas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos: Grupo supervisionado (Gsup), que praticou exercícios com supervisão; Grupo observado (Gobs), que praticou exercícios sem supervisão, e Grupo referência (Gref), que não praticou exercícios. Incontinência urinária (IU) (desfecho primário) e força muscular perineal (FMP) (desfecho secundário) foram avaliadas por intermédio de diário de perdas urinárias e perineometria, respectivamente. Foram utilizados o teste de Kruskal-Wallis, seguido do teste post hoc de Dunn, para variáveis contínuas, e o teste do χ2 e testes Z, com correções de Bonferroni, para proporções, com nível de significância de 5%.RESULTADOS: O Gsup e o Gobs apresentaram 6,9% de gestantes incontinentes, enquanto o Gref apresentou 96,6% de incontinentes. Quanto à FMP, o Gsup e o Gobs apresentaram valores médios de contração de 10 e 8,9 cmH2O, respectivamente, enquanto o Gref apresentou valor de 4,7 cmH2O. Ambos os resultados significantes.CONCLUSÃO: A utilização de um MOED é eficaz na promoção da continência urinária e no aumento da FMP em gestantes primigestas, independentemente de supervisão permanente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Exercise Therapy/education , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Pregnancy Complications/prevention & control , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control
9.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 40(6): 763-771, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735990

ABSTRACT

Purpose To investigate risk factors for urine leak in patients undergoing minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (MIPN) and to determine the role of intraoperative ureteral catheterization in preventing this postoperative complication. Materials and Methods MIPN procedures done from September 1999 to July 2012 at our Center were reviewed from our IRB-approved database. Patient and tumor characteristics, operative techniques and outcomes were analyzed. Patients with evidence of urine leak were identified. Outcomes were compared between patients with preoperative ureteral catheterization (C-group) and those without (NC-group). Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors predicting postoperative urine leak. Results A total of 1,019 cases were included (452 robotic partial nephrectomy cases and 567 laparoscopic partial nephrectomy cases). Five hundred twenty eight patients (51.8%) were in the C-group, whereas 491 of them (48.2%) in the NC-group. Urine leak occurred in 31(3%) cases, 4.6% in the C-group and 1.4% in the NC-group (p<0.001). Tumors in NC-group had significantly higher RENAL score, shorter operative and warm ischemic times. On multivariable analysis, tumor proximity to collecting system (OR=9.2; p<0.01), surgeon’s early operative experience (OR=7.8; p<0.01) and preoperative moderate to severe CKD (OR=3.1; p<0.01) significantly increased the odds of the occurrence of a postoperative urine leak. Conclusion Clinically significant urine leak after MIPN in a high volume institution setting is uncommon. This event is more likely to occur in cases of renal masses that are close to the collecting system, in patients with preoperative CKD and when operating surgeon is still in the learning curve for the procedure. Our findings suggest that routine intraoperative ureteral catheterization during MIPN does not reduce the probability of postoperative urine leak. In addition, it adds to the overall ...


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nephrectomy/adverse effects , Urinary Catheterization/methods , Urinary Incontinence/etiology , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Intraoperative Care , Multivariate Analysis , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Nephrectomy/methods , Operative Time , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/surgery , Severity of Illness Index , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
10.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 57(7): 497-508, out. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690586

ABSTRACT

O diabetes materno constitui um ambiente desfavorável para o desenvolvimento embrionário e feto-placentário. É uma repercussão de importância na obstetrícia moderna, visto que está associado a um risco aumentado de morbidade materna e neonatal e continua a ser um desafio médico significativo. O aumento mundial na incidência do diabetes, o aumento do diabetes tipo 2 em mulheres em idade reprodutiva e a geração cruzada da programação intrauterina do diabetes tipo 2 são as bases para o interesse crescente na utilização de modelos experimentais diabéticos, a fim de obter conhecimento sobre os mecanismos que induzem as alterações de desenvolvimento no diabetes gestacional. Vários estudos têm demonstrado os benefícios da prevenção do diabetes com intervenções no estilo de vida, melhora metabólica e controle de fator de risco cardiovascular para evitar substancialmente as complicações devastadores da doença. Apesar desses achados e a revolução recente no conhecimento científico e infinidade de novas terapias do diabetes, continua a haver uma grande lacuna entre o que foi aprendido por meio da pesquisa e o que é feito na prática da saúde pública, clínica e comunitária. O iminente impacto econômico negativo dessa complacência nos indivíduos, nas famílias e nas economias nacionais é alarmante. Espera-se que a pesquisa translacional no binômio diabetes-gravidez seja implementada em centros de excelência tanto de pesquisa básica como aplicada e complementada por estudos clínicos multicêntricos, conduzidos de forma pragmática para aumentar o nível de evidência científica com recursos diagnósticos e propedêuticos mais confiáveis.


Maternal diabetes constitutes an unfavorable environment for fetal-placental and embryonic development. It is has important repercussion in modern obstetrics, since it is associated to an increased risk of neonatal and maternal morbidity, and it still is a significant medical challenge. The increased occurrence of diabetes worldwide, the increase in diabetes type 2 in women at reproductive age and the crossed generation of intrauterine programming for diabetes type 2 are the bases for the growing interest in utilization of diabetic experimental samples, with the aim to acquire knowledge about the mechanisms that induce development alterations in gestational diabetes. Several studies have shown the benefits of diabetes prevention, with interventions in lifestyle, metabolic improvement and control of cardiovascular risk factors to substantially prevent the complications of this devastating disease. Despite these findings, the recent revolution in the scientific knowledge, and the infinite number of new therapies for diabetes, there is still a large gap between what was learned through research and what is really done in public, clinical and community health. The negative economic impact of this complacency in people, families, and national economies is alarming. It is expected that translational research in the binomial diabetes and pregnancy are implemented in centers of excellence, in both basic and applied research, and complemented by multicenter clinical studies, conducted in a pragmatic way to increase the level of scientific evidence with more reliable diagnostic and propaedeutic resources.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , /epidemiology , Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis , Hyperglycemia/complications , Translational Research, Biomedical , Brazil/epidemiology , Disease Models, Animal , Diabetes, Gestational/therapy , Health Policy , Prevalence , Urinary Incontinence/etiology , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control
11.
São Paulo med. j ; 131(2): 95-99, abr. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-671676

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE There is uncertainty in the literature regarding the theory that obstetric events and pelvic floor injuries give rise to lower risk of subsequent urinary incontinence among women delivering via cesarean section than among women delivering vaginally. The objective of this study was to assess the two-year postpartum prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and the factors responsible for them. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study, conducted in a public university. METHODS 220 women who had undergone elective cesarean section or vaginal childbirth two years earlier were selected. Their urinary incontinence symptoms were investigated, and their pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was assessed using digital palpation and a perineometer. RESULTS The two-year urinary incontinence prevalences following vaginal childbirth and cesarean section were 17% and 18.9%, respectively. The only risk factor for pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was weight gain during pregnancy. Body mass index less than 25 kg/m 2 and normal pelvic floor muscle function protected against urinary incontinence. Gestational urinary incontinence increased the risk of two-year postpartum urinary incontinence. CONCLUSION Gestational urinary incontinence was a crucial precursor of postpartum urinary incontinence. Weight gain during pregnancy increased the subsequent risk of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, and elective cesarean section did not prevent urinary incontinence. .


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO É ainda controversa na literatura a teoria de que eventos obstétricos e traumas no assoalho pélvico representariam menor risco para mulheres submetidas ao parto cesárea do que para aquelas submetidas a parto vaginal, no tocante a subsequente incontinência urinária. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de incontinência urinária e disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico dois anos após o parto e os fatores responsáveis por elas. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL Estudo transversal conduzido em universidade pública. MÉTODOS Foram selecionadas 220 mulheres dois anos após parto cesáreo eletivo ou parto vaginal. Foram avaliados sintomas de incontinência urinária e disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico por palpação digital e perineômetro. RESULTADOS A prevalência de incontinência urinária dois anos após parto vaginal e cesárea foi de 17% e 18,9% respectivamente. O único fator de risco para disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico foi o ganho de peso durante a gestação. Índice de massa corporal inferior a 25 kg/m 2 e disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico normal foram fatores de proteção contra incontinência urinária. Incontinência urinária na gestação aumentou o risco de incontinência urinária dois anos pós-parto. CONCLUSÃO Incontinência urinária gestacional foi um precursor crucial de incontinência urinária pós-parto. O ganho de peso durante a gestação aumentou o risco posterior de disfunção muscular do assoalho pélvico e o parto cesárea eletivo não foi uma ação de prevenção para a ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology , Weight Gain/physiology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Logistic Models , Parity , Pelvic Floor/physiopathology , Postpartum Period , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Urinary Incontinence/etiology , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control
12.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 39(2): 182-188, Mar-Apr/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-676266

ABSTRACT

Purpose To evaluate preoperative rectal electrical stimulation in the recovery of urinary continence in patients who undergo radical retropubic prostatectomy. Materials and Methods Patients were divided into 3 randomized groups: control, pelvic exercises, and electrical stimulation. A 1 hour pad-test, the ICIQ-SF, and the SF-36 were performed 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgical procedure. Results Of the 58 patients who were initially included in the study, 9 were excluded due to radiotherapy after surgical intervention, an indwelling urethral catheter for more than 30 days, high surgical risk, loss of follow-up, or incomplete participation in the study routines and spontaneous interruption. Forty-nine patients concluded the study (15 in the control group, 17 in the exercise group, and 17 in the electrical stimulation group). We did not observe any significant difference in the pad test (p > 0.05), the 8 domains of the SF-36, or ICIQ-SF score compared with control groups (control, exercise, and electrical stimulation). Conclusion Preoperative rectal electrical stimulation has no impact on continence status in patients who undergo radical retropubic prostatectomy. There is no difference in the three above mentioned groups with regard to urinary leakage and quality of life. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Epidemiologic Methods , Exercise Therapy/methods , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Pelvic Floor , Preoperative Period , Prostatectomy/methods , Quality of Life , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
13.
Fisioter. pesqui ; 20(1): 90-96, mar. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-674306

ABSTRACT

Esta revisão teve como objetivo analisar os recursos e sua eficácia na reabilitação do assoalho pélvico no tratamento dos prolapsos genitais e incontinência urinária. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS/SciELO e Biblioteca Cochrane. Foram encontrados 886 artigos, dos quais foram utilizados 34 estudos clínicos relevantes que respondiam às perguntas construídas pelos autores. Os estudos analisados mostraram que o treinamento do assoalho pélvico pode ser usado no tratamento dos prolapsos, porém são necessários mais estudos randomizados para sustentar essa evidência. Para a incontinência urinária a reabilitação do assoalho pélvico é eficiente e deve ser o tratamento de primeira escolha.


This review aimed to assess the capabilities and effectiveness of pelvic floor rehabilitation in the treatment of genital prolapse and urinary incontinence. The research was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS/SciELO and Cochrane Library. There were found 886 articles, of which were used 34 relevant clinical trials that answered the questions constructed by the authors. The studies analyzed showed that pelvic floor training can be used in prolapse treatment, but further randomized studies are necessary to support this evidence. For urinary incontinence pelvic floor, rehabilitation is effective and should be the treatment of first choice.


Esta revisión tiene como objetivo analizar los recursos y su eficacia en la rehabilitación del suelo pélvico en el tratamiento de los prolapsos genitales y la incontinencia urinaria. Las búsquedas fueron realizadas en las bases de datos Medline/Pubmed, LILACS/SciELO y Cochrane. Fueron encontrados 886 artículos, de los cuales fueron utilizados 34 estudios clínicos relevantes y que respondían las preguntas construidas por los autores. Los estudios analizados mostraron que el entrenamiento del suelo pélvico puede ser usado en el tratamiento de los prolapsos, sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios randomizados para sustentar esta evidencia. Para la incontinencia urinaria la rehabilitación del suelo pélvico es eficiente y debe ser el tratamiento de primera opción.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Exercise Therapy , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Muscle Strength , Pelvic Floor , Pelvic Organ Prolapse/rehabilitation , Pelvic Organ Prolapse/therapy , Review Literature as Topic , Women
14.
Botucatu; s.n; 2013. 91 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-751048

ABSTRACT

A gestação e o parto podem levar à redução ou perda da função muscular do assoalho pélvico, o qual acarreta deficiência funcional de sua musculatura, e, consequentemente, incontinência urinária. Assim, o objetivo foi verificar a evolução da função muscular do assoalho pélvico no pós-parto; a associação entre a realização de exercícios perineais durante a gestação e incontinência urinária no pós-parto; e validar as medidas perineométricas na predição de incontinência urinária. Para tanto, 120 primíparas foram divididas: G1, realizou exercícios perineais durante a gestação com supervisão do fisioterapeuta; G2, realizou exercícios perineais durante a gestação sem supervisão do fisioterapeuta; G3, não realizou exercícios perineais durante a gestação, mas tiveram contato com G1 e G2; e G4, não teve contato com exercícios perineais durante a gestação. As participantes foram avaliadas pelo teste bidigital e perineômetro, e receberam diário miccional. As pressões musculares foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os grupos, e G1 manteve sempre função muscular maior que G2, G3 e G4, enquanto que G2 se diferenciou de G3 e G4 conforme o tempo pós-parto aumentou. Verificou-se que valores registrados no perineômetro em 8,5cmH2O geram o melhor balanço entre sensibilidade (91,16%) e especificidade (82,42%). Aos 12mPP, o G1 e G2 apresentaram a menor incidência de incontinência urinária, enquanto o G3 apresentava 37,9%, e o G4, 39,4%. Com 18mPP essas observações se mantém, e aos 24mPP, G1 e G2 deixaram de apresentar participantes com o problema, e G3 e G4 mantiveram a incidência...


Pregnancy and childbirth can lead to the reduction or loss of pelvic floor muscle function, which leads to functional impairment of their muscles, and hence urinary incontinence. The objective was to assess the evolution of pelvic floor muscle function in post-partum, the association between perineal exercises during pregnancy and urinary incontinence postpartum, and validate the measures perineometrics in predicting urinary incontinence. Therefore, 120 primiparous were divided: G1, held perineal exercises during pregnancy under the supervision of physiotherapists, G2, held perineal exercises during pregnancy without supervision of a physiotherapist, G3, did not do perineal exercises during pregnancy, but had contact with G1 and G2; and G4, had no contact with perineal exercises during pregnancy. The participants were evaluated by bidigital test and perineometer, and received voiding diary. The muscle pressures were statistically different between groups, and G1 muscle function remained always greater than G2, G3 and G4, whereas G2 differed G3 and G4 as time postpartum increased. It was found that the values recorded in the perineometer 8.5 cmH2O generate the best balance between sensitivity (91.16%) and specificity (82.42%). To 12mPP, the G1 and G2 showed a lower incidence of urinary incontinence, while G3 had 37.9%, and G4, 39.4%. With 18mPP these observations remains, and 24mPP, G1 and G2 failed to present participants with the problem, and G3 and G4 remained incidence...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pelvic Floor/physiopathology , Exercise , Urinary Incontinence/etiology , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Muscle Strength , Postpartum Period
15.
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing ; : 420-430, 2013.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-51388

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to review the literature to determine whether intensive pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy and after delivery could prevent urinary and fecal incontinence. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of low-risk obstetric populations who had done Kegel exercise during pregnancy and after delivery met the inclusion criteria. Articles published between 1966 and 2012 from periodicals indexed in Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, KoreaMed, NDSL and other databases were selected, using the following keywords: 'Kegel, pelvic floor exercise'. The Cochrane's Risk of Bias was applied to assess the internal validity of the RCT. Fourteen selected studies were analyzed by meta-analysis using RevMan 5.1. RESULTS: Fourteen RCTs with high methodological quality, involving 6,454 women were included. They indicated that Kegel exercise significantly reduced the development of urinary and fecal incontinence from pregnancy to postpartum. Also, there was low clinical heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: There is some evidence that for antenatal and postnatal women, Kegel exercise can prevent urinary and fecal incontinence. Therefore, a priority task is to develop standardized Kegel exercise programs for Korean pregnant and postpartum women and make efficient use of these programs.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Clinical Trials as Topic , Databases, Factual , Exercise Therapy , Fecal Incontinence/prevention & control , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Postpartum Period , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control
16.
Fisioter. Bras ; 13(1): 49-53, Jan.-Fev. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-745566

ABSTRACT

A incontinência urinária é considerada um problema de saúde pública afetando mais de 200 milhões de pessoas no mundo todo.Existem distintas condutas terapêuticas para seu tratamento, dentre elas, a abordagem fisioterapêutica, com diversas técnicas, como a estabilização central, por exemplo. Objetivos: Analisar a eficácia de um programa de exercícios baseados na estabilização central no tratamento da incontinência urinária de esforço. Métodos: O estudo é do tipo relato de caso, realizado na Clínica Escola de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Católica de Pernambuco,no período de março a maio de 2010, com uma mulher de 43anos. Realizou-se uma avaliação clínica seguida de protocolo de exercícios baseados na estabilização central. Ao final do tratamento realizou-se uma reavaliação e foi feita uma análise comparativa dos dados pré e pós-intervenção. Resultados: Foi percebido melhora da conscientização pélvica e força muscular, sugerindo que o tratamento pode ser utilizado como uma proposta terapêutica em casos de Incontinência Urinária de Esforço (IUE). Conclusão: A técnica realizada neste estudo mostrou-se eficaz para o tratamento da IUE, melhorando a conscientização perineal, força muscular, assim como a qualidade de vida da paciente. Este foi um estudo piloto, o que sugere o desenvolvimento de novas investigações, no sentido de aprofundar o referido tema.


Urinary incontinence is considered a public health problem affecting more than 200 million people worldwide. There are different therapeutic approaches for its treatment, among them, the physical therapy approach, with techniques such as central stabilization. Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of a workout program based on core stabilization for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatment. Methods: The study is a case report, conducted in the private school of physical therapy and occupational therapy of Universidade Católica de Pernambuco from March to May 2010,with a 43-year old woman. Initially there was a clinical evaluation and then exercises were applied based on core stabilization. At the end of treatment there was a re-evaluation and an analysis of comparative data was performed before and after intervention. Results: We perceived improvement in awareness and pelvic floor muscle strength, suggesting that treatment can be used as a therapeutic approach in cases of stress urinary incontinence. Conclusion: The technique performed in this study was effective for the treatment of SUI, improving awareness and perineal muscle strength, as well as patient’s quality of life. This was a pilot study; the refore we propose new investigations in order to go into this theme further.


Subject(s)
Adult , Pelvic Floor Disorders/diagnosis , /methods , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/therapy , Exercise Movement Techniques/methods , Pelvic Floor/physiology , Pelvic Floor Disorders/therapy , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control
17.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 37(3): 320-327, May-June 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-596006

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The desirable outcomes after open radical prostatectomy (RP) for localized prostate cancer (PC) are to: a) achieve disease recurrence free, b) urinary continence (UC), and c) maintain sexual potency (SP). These 3 combined desirable outcomes we called it the "Trifecta". Our aim is to assess the likelihood of achieving the Trifecta, and to analyze the influencing the Trifecta . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1738 men with localized PC underwent RP from 1992-2007 by a single surgeon. The exclusion criteria for this analysis were: preoperative hormonal or radiation therapy, preoperative urinary incontinence or erectile dysfunction, follow-up less than 24 months or insufficient data. Post-operative Trifecta factors were analyzed, including biochemical recurrence (BR).. We defined: BR as PSA > 0.2 ng/mL, urinary continence as wearing no pads, and sexual potency as having erections sufficient for intercourse with or without a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor. RESULTS: A total of 831 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the entire cohort was 59 years old. The median follow-up was 52 months (mean 60, range 24-202). The BR, UC and SP rates were 18.7 percent, 94.5 percent, and 71 percent respectively. Trifecta was achieved in 64 percent at 2 year follow-up, and 61 percent at 5 year follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed age at time of surgery, pathologic Gleason score (PGS), pathologic stage, specimen weight, and nerve sparing (NS) were independent factors. CONCLUSIONS: Age at time of surgery, pathologic GS, pathologic stage, specimen weight and NS were independent predictors to achieve the Trifecta following radical prostatectomy. This information may help patients counseling undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Erectile Dysfunction/prevention & control , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control , Prostatectomy/methods , Prostatic Neoplasms/prevention & control , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Age Factors , Analysis of Variance , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Treatment Outcome
18.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 18(5): 903-910, Sept.-Oct. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-566318

ABSTRACT

This study determines and analyzes the prevalence of Urinary Incontinence (UI) and its demographic and clinical predictors. This epidemiological and cross-sectional study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo, Nursing School. The sample was randomly selected by cluster technique and included 519 individuals aged ≥18 years, living in 341 houses in urban areas. Data were analyzed through Chi-Square, Hosmer Lemeshow’s test and multivariate logistic regression (stepwise). Prevalence rates were standardized by gender and age. Of the 519 people composing the sample: 20.1 percent had UI, 32.9 percent were women and 6.2 percent were men. Longer duration of losses (OR = 29.3; p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR = 17.7; p<0.001), stroke (OR = 15.9; p<0.001), and cystocele (OR = 12.5; p <0.001) were the factors most strongly associated with UI. This study enabled the identification of UI epidemiology and can contribute to the development of public policies for its primary and secondary prevention and treatment, even if such measures are initially implemented at the city level.


Os objetivos deste trabalho foram conhecer a prevalência da incontinência urinária (IU), dos fatores demográficos e clínicos preditores da presença de IU. Estudo epidemiológico, corte transversal, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo. A amostragem, estratificada por conglomerado, foi composta por 519 indivíduos com idade ≥18 anos, residentes em 341 domicílios da área urbana, sorteados aleatoriamente. Os testes utilizados foram qui-quadrado, Hosmer Lemeshow e regressão logística multivariada (stepwise). As prevalências foram padronizadas por sexo e idade, portanto, das 519 pessoas que compuseram a amostra, 20,1 por cento dessas tinha IU numa população total; 32,9 por cento eram mulheres e 6,2 por cento homens. Maior tempo de perdas (OR=29,3; p<0,001), diabetes mellitus (OR=17,7; p<0,001), acidente vascular encefálico (OR=15,9; p<0,001) e cistocele (OR=12,5; p<0,001) foram os fatores mais fortemente associados à IU. O estudo permitiu conhecer a epidemiologia da IU e pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para a sua prevenção primária e secundária, seu tratamento, ainda que inicialmente em nível municipal.


El estudio tiene por objetivo conocer la prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria (IU), de los factores de predicción demográficos y clínicos de la presencia de IU. Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico de corte transversal, aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Sao Paulo. Muestreo estratificado por conglomerado compuesto de 519 individuos con edad ≥18 años, residentes en 341 domicilios del área urbana, sorteados aleatoriamente. Las pruebas utilizadas fueron Chi-cuadrado, Hosmer Lemeshow y regresión logística multivariante (stepwise). Las prevalencias de IU fueron estandarizadas por sexo y edad, en una muestra de 519 personas, siendo 20,1 por ciento en la población general - 32,9 por ciento eran mujeres y 6,2 por ciento hombres. Los factores más fuertemente asociados a la IU fueron: mayor tiempo de pérdidas (OR=29,3; p<0,001), diabetes mellitus (OR=17,7; p<0,001), accidente vascular encefálico (OR=15,9; p<0,001) y cistocele (OR=12,5; p<0,001). El estudio permitió conocer la epidemiologia de la IU y puede contribuir para el desarrollo de políticas públicas para su prevención primaria y secundaria, su tratamiento, inclusive considerando su inicio en el ámbito municipal.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Logistic Models , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Primary Prevention , Random Allocation , Secondary Prevention , Sex Factors , Urban Population , Urinary Incontinence/nursing , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Urinary Incontinence/therapy
19.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 56(6): 688-690, 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-572590

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores de risco relacionados à ocorrência da incontinência urinária feminina. MÉTODOS: Estudo caso-controle que incluiu 253 mulheres (102 incontinentes e 151 continentes) convidadas a responder a um questionário epidemiológico sobre possíveis fatores de risco para a incontinência urinária como: idade, estado hormonal, raça, Índice de Massa Corporal, paridade, tipos de partos (normais, fórcipes ou cesarianas), peso do maior recém-nascido, utilização de episiotomia e ou analgesia durante o parto, história de histerectomia, prática de atividade física, tabagismo, diabetes mellitus, constipação intestinal, história de asma brônquica e ou doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, uso de diuréticos e ou antidepressivos. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados, após a aplicação do modelo de regressão logística binária, como fatores de risco para a ocorrência de incontinência urinária: a idade [OR = 1,07 (IC 1,03 - 1,1)], o parto normal [OR = 1,5 (IC 1,1 - 12,0)], o parto fórcipe [OR = 35,0 (IC 3,7 - 327)] e o peso do maior recém-nascido [OR = 1,001 (IC 1 - 1,002)]. Além disso, identificamos como fator de proteção a cesariana [OR = 0,39 (IC 0,23 - 0,65)]. CONCLUSÃO: Os fatores de risco independentes para a ocorrência da incontinência urinária foram idade, parto normal, parto fórcipe e peso do maior recém-nascido e, como fator de proteção, a cesariana.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk factors related to occurrence of female urinary incontinence. METHODS: A case-control study that included 253 women (102 continent and 151 incontinent) invited to respond to an epidemiological questionnaire on possible risk factors for urinary incontinence. They were age, hormone status, race, body mass index, parity, types of deliveries (normal, forceps or cesarean), weight of largest newborn, use of episiotomy and / or analgesia during labor, history of hysterectomy, physical activity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, constipation, history of bronchial asthma and / or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, use of diuretics and / or antidepressants. RESULTS: After application of binary logistic regression model we found, as risk factors for occurrence of urinary incontinence: age [OR = 1.07 (CI 1.03 to 1.1)], vaginal delivery [ OR = 1.5 (CI 1.1 to 12.0)], forceps delivery [OR = 35.0 (CI 3.7 to 327)] and weight of largest newborn [OR = 1.001 (CI 1 - 1.002)]. Furthermore, we identified as a protective factor cesarean delivery [OR = 0.39 (CI 0.23 to 0.65)]. CONCLUSION: The independent risk factors for occurrence of urinary incontinence included age, vaginal delivery, forceps delivery and weight of largest infant and as a protective factor, cesarean section delivery.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Urinary Incontinence/etiology , Age Factors , Birth Weight , Cesarean Section , Epidemiologic Methods , Labor, Obstetric , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control
20.
Urology Journal. 2009; 6 (1): 23-26
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-92987

ABSTRACT

Bladder neck-sparing modification of radical retropubic prostatectomy has been reported to lower the risk of urinary incontinence after prostatectomy. We reviewed the outcomes in men with prostate cancer who had undergone prostatectomy with either bladder neck preservation or bladder neck reconstruction. In this retrospective study, a total of 103 patients who had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy were assessed. The patients were divided into two groups of bladder neck preservation [51 patients] and bladder neck reconstruction [52 patients]. WE compared frequency of biochemical failure, bladder neck stricture, and urinary incontinence between these two groups. Biochemical failure was defined as a serum prostate-specific antigen level higher than 0.2 ng/mL and its rising trend in at least 2 postoperative subsequent measurements. Continence was defined as no need to use sanitary pads or diapers. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, serum prostate-specific antigen level, Gleason score, and prostate volume. After a mean follow-up period of 32.5 months, all patients with bladder neck preservation and 46 [88.5%] with bladder neck reconstruction were continent [P=.03]. There were no significant differences in the frequency of biochemical failure and bladder neck stricture that required dilation between the two groups of the patients. Bladder neck preservation during radical retropubic prostatectomy may improve long-term results of urinary continence and be effective in eradicating prostate cancer without increasing the recurrence rate


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
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